use-scissor-type-knife-during-peroral-endoscopy-myotomy-procedure-for

Use of the Scissor-Type Knife During the Peroral Endoscopy Myotomy Procedure for the Treatment of Achalasia

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is one of the first-line treatment modalities along with pneumatic dilation and Heller myotomy for patients with ...

The prognostic impact of E-cadherin downregulation in gastric cancer has been assessed for years while the results are controversial and heterogeneous. We thus comprehensively reviewed the evidence for evaluation of E-cadherin expression in gastric cancer to determine this effect. We searched PubMed and Embase to identify eligible studies, and 26 studies comprising 4,383 gastric cancer patients were included to assess the association between E-cadherin immunohistochemical expression and overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological characteristics. Summary hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to estimate the effect. We also performed meta-regression and subgroup analysis according to study location, publication year, number of patients, quality score of studies and cut-off value. Reduced E-cadherin expression was significantly correlated with poor OS of gastric cancer patients (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.34-1.96). Subgroup analysis indicated that E-cadherin low-expression had an unfavorable impact on OS in Asian patients (HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.45-2.41). Moreover, downregulation of E-cadherin was significantly associated with TNM stage (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.85-3.43), the depth of invasion (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.39-2.90), lymph node metastasis (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.68-3.40), distant metastasis (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.21-4.11), grade of differentiation (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.60-3.21), vascular invasion (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.10-3.13) and histological type of gastric cancer (OR 4.22, 95% CI 2.96-6.02). This meta-analysis revealed that E-cadherin expression might be a predicative factor of poor prognosis for gastric cancer particularly in Asia.

The prognostic value of E-cadherin in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.

The prognostic value of p16 promoter hypermethylation in cancers has been evaluated for several years while the results remain controversial. We thus performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the impact of p16 methylation on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) to clarify this issue.

The Prognostic Value of p16 Hypermethylation in Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopy with a transparent cap on biopsy positioning in Barrett's esophagus (BE).

Improved biopsy accuracy in Barrett's esophagus with a transparent cap.

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) increases the risk of perinatal death, partly due to defects in lung development. Leptin, a polypeptide hormone, is involved in fetal lung development. We previously demonstrated that treatment with exogenous leptin during gestation significantly promotes fetal lung maturity in the rat model of FGR. In this study, to delineate the molecular pathways through which leptin may enhance fetal lung development, we investigated the impact of leptin treatment on the survival of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), essential leptin-responsive cells involved in lung development, in a rat model of FGR. The rat model of FGR was induced in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats by partial uterine artery and vein ligation. In vivo and in vitro analyses of fetal lung tissues and freshly-isolated cultured AECs, respectively, showed that leptin protects type II AECs from hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Further molecular studies revealed the role of Akt activation in the leptin-mediated promotion of survival of type II AECs. The data also showed that the anti-apoptotic effects of leptin are dependent on phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation, and involve the down-regulation of caspases 3 and 9, upregulation of pro-survival proteins Bcl-2, and p-Bad, and inhibition of the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. Taken together, our data suggested that leptin enhances the maturity of fetal lungs by mediating the regulation of caspase-3 and -9 during hypoxia-induced apoptosis of type II AECs and provide support for the potential of leptin as a therapeutic agent for promoting lung development in FGR.

Akt Activation and Inhibition of Cytochrome C Release: Mechanistic Insights into Leptin-promoted Survival of Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells.

OPCML belongs to the IgLON family of Ig domain-containing GPI-anchored cell adhesion molecules and was recently found to be involved in carcinogenesis, while its role in gastric cancer remains unclear.

Down-regulated expression of OPCML predicts an unfavorable prognosis and promotes disease progression in human gastric cancer.

Percutaneous transgastric endoscopic myotomy for upper esophageal spastic stricture.

Associations Between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Use, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, and Mortality Among Patients With COVID-19.

Snare-tip-assisted peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia (with video).

To date, the ideal endoscopic knife for peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) with good performance and cost-effectiveness is still under investigation. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of snare-assisted POEM, compared with the conventional endoscopic knife approach.

Cost-efficient snare-assisted peroral endoscopic myotomy in comparison of conventional endoscopic knife for treatment of achalasia: results of a randomized controlled trial.

Article	Year
The prognostic value of E-cadherin in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. International journal of cancer\| PubMed ID: 23169395	2013
The Prognostic Value of p16 Hypermethylation in Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. PloS one\| PubMed ID: 23805242	2013
Improved biopsy accuracy in Barrett's esophagus with a transparent cap. World journal of gastroenterology\| PubMed ID: 24782624	2014
Akt Activation and Inhibition of Cytochrome C Release: Mechanistic Insights into Leptin-promoted Survival of Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Journal of cellular biochemistry\| PubMed ID: 25833759	2015
Down-regulated expression of OPCML predicts an unfavorable prognosis and promotes disease progression in human gastric cancer. BMC cancer\| PubMed ID: 28407749	2017
Percutaneous transgastric endoscopic myotomy for upper esophageal spastic stricture. Endoscopy\| PubMed ID: 31174222	2019
Associations Between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Use, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, and Mortality Among Patients With COVID-19. Gastroenterology\| PubMed ID: 32422208	2020
Snare-tip-assisted peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia (with video). Gastroenterology report\| PubMed ID: 32843982	2020
Cost-efficient snare-assisted peroral endoscopic myotomy in comparison of conventional endoscopic knife for treatment of achalasia: results of a randomized controlled trial. Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus\| PubMed ID: 35291006	2022

Xiang-Bin Xing

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