Name: gravity between masses and distance
Uploaded: 2023-09-22T11:49:18.000Z
Duration: 1 min 24 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Louisiana Student Standards for Science

High School

Earth Science

Earth’s Place In The Universe

HS-ESS1-4

Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction

La loi de Newton sur l'attraction gravitationnelle stipule que lorsque deux particules de masses m1 et m2 sont séparées par la distance r, elles s'attirent l'une l'autre avec des forces égales et opposées.
La force d’attraction agit le long de la droite joignant les particules et varie directement comme le produit de leurs masses et inversement comme le carré de la distance entre elles, où G est la constante universelle connue sous le nom de constante gravitationnelle.
La force d'attraction gravitationnelle exercée par la Terre sur un objet est le poids de l'objet. C'est le produit de la masse de l'objet et de l'accélération due à la gravité, exprimée en newtons.
Les séparateurs par gravité, les marteaux-piqueurs et les convoyeurs par gravité sont quelques outils mécaniques qui fonctionnent selon le principe de la loi de la gravitation de Newton.
Considérez le processus de forgeage au marteau-piqueur. Ici, le marteau d’un poids spécifique est soulevé à une certaine hauteur, puis laissé tomber librement.
Comme la Terre a une forte attraction gravitationnelle, le marteau tombe toujours. La force créée par cette chute donne la forme requise aux pièces.

<ol>
	<li>Hibbeler, R.C. (2016). Génie mécanique \u2012 Statique et dynamique. Hoboken, New Jersey : Pearson Prentice Hall. page 7</li>
	<li>Bière, F.P. ; Johnston, E.R. ; Mazurek, D.F ; Cromwell, P.J. et Self, B.P. (2019). Mécanique vectorielle pour les ingénieurs \u2012 Statique et dynamique. New York : McGraw-Hill. Pages 4 et 5</li>
	<li>Meriam, J.L. ; Kraige, L.G. et Bolton, J.N. (2020). Génie mécanique \u2012 Statique. Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley. pages 7 et 8</li>
</ol>

la loi de l'attraction gravitationnelle de newton

Sir Isaac Newton a établi l'universalité de la loi de l'attraction gravitationnelle basée sur des preuves empiriques et un raisonnement inductif. Il a publié son travail dans Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (« le Principia ») le 5 juillet 1687. La loi de l'attraction gravitationnelle de Newton est une loi fondamentale de la physique qui régit l'attraction entre les objets. Elle stipule que l'intensité de la force gravitationnelle entre deux objets est proportionnelle à leur masse et inversement proportionnelle au carré de leur distance l'un de l'autre. La gravité est plus forte entre les objets ayant une plus grande masse. Chaque paire de corps subit des forces gravitationnelles. L'une des applications les plus omniprésentes de cette loi est notre compréhension du mouvement des planètes dans le système solaire. La force gravitationnelle entre les planètes et le soleil est responsable de leur mouvement autour du soleil. Elle explique également des phénomènes tels que les marées causées par la force gravitationnelle de la lune sur la Terre. Un autre exemple où cette loi est utilisée est dans la conception des montagnes russes. Les chariots des montagnes russes sont mis en mouvement grâce à une montée à chaîne qui fournit la force initiale pour monter la première pente raide. Une fois en haut, la gravité tire le chariot le long de la piste à travers une série de virages, de boucles et de descentes. La loi universelle de la gravitation est importante car elle a réussi à expliquer de nombreux phénomènes, tels que la façon dont différents objets dans l'univers macroscopique s'influencent mutuellement, comment la gravité est responsable du poids d'un corps et nous maintient au sol, comment la lune se déplace autour de la Terre, comment se produit le mouvement planétaire, la génération de forces de marée, et ainsi de suite.

La loi de l'attraction gravitationnelle de Newton

Sir Isaac Newton a établi l’universalité de la loi de l’attraction gravitationnelle sur la base de preuves empiriques et d’un raisonnement inductif. Il a publié son ...

Education

JoVE Core

Mechanical Engineering

Unit 1

An Introduction to Statics

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gravity between masses and distance

Newton’s law of gravitational attraction describes how gravity acts between two objects. Sir Isaac Newton built this law from empirical evidence and inductive reasoning. He published it in Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, or the Principia, on July 5, 1687.

The law says that the gravitational force between any two objects depends on their masses and their distance apart. The force is proportional to mass and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects. In simple terms, larger masses create stronger gravity, while greater distance weakens the force.

Every pair of bodies experiences gravitational force. This law helps explain the motion of the planets in the solar system. The pull between the Sun and the planets keeps them moving around the Sun.

Newton’s law also explains tides on Earth. The Moon’s gravitational force on Earth produces tidal forces. The same idea helps describe roller coasters, too. A chain lift hill gives the cart its initial motion up the first steep hill, and then gravity pulls it down through turns, loops, and drops.

This universal law of gravitation is important because it explains many large-scale effects in the macroscopic universe. It accounts for a body’s weight and helps keep us on the ground. It also describes the Moon’s motion around Earth, planetary motion, and the generation of tides.

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Newton’s law of gravitational attraction describes how gravity acts between two objects. Sir Isaac Newton built this law from empirical evidence and inductive reasoning. He published it in Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, or the Principia, on July 5, 1687. The law says that the gravitational force between any two objects depends on their masses and their distance apart. The force is proportional to mass and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects.

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Explore Newton’s law of gravitation, how mass and distance affect gravity, and why it explains planets, tides, and roller coasters.

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HS-ESS1-6

Gravity Between Masses and Distance

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